Activities Key Terms Quizzes Art Chapter 7 Self-Quiz
Unit 2: Cell: The Basic Units of Life Energy and Enzymes Review
  1. All life is dependent upon energy. The chemical reactions that allow organisms to capture and utilize energy are collectively known as .
     
     
  2. Metabolism must abide by the laws of thermodynamics. The first of these laws states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only from one form to another. The second law states that without an external input of energy, ordered systems always tend to become , increasing the total . Therefore, when energy is from one form to another, some of that energy is lost , increasing .
     
     
  3. The is the primary source of energy for the maintenance of living systems. Plants and other photosynthetic organisms capture sunlight and use it to convert low-energy carbon into high-energy .
     
     
  4. All eukaryotic organisms break down sugars produced during to obtain energy (in the form of ATP), which is produced in the mitochondria during cellular , to power the processes of the cell.
     
     
  5. is commonly used to provide energize in enzyme-mediated reactions. The production of nucleotide polymers during DNA replication is an example of this process.
     
     
  6. speed the rate of metabolic reactions. The function of enzymes is accomplished by reducing the energy needed for reactions to occur.
     
     
  7. Enzymes are three-dimensional that are highly specific for the (substrates) in a chemical reaction.
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